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C. SCHLIMP 8u' R. HONZIK.

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v UNITED STATES CARL scum-MP, or vIEN l BUcH'AREsT,

PATENT OFFICE.

NA, AUSTRIA-HUNGARY, AND RUDOLF HONZIK, OF

ROUMANIA.

yKILN'.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Iietters Patent No. 588,885, dated August 24, 1897.

Appiicaiion iiieii August 4, 1896.

To o/ZZ whom t may concer/t.

'Be it known that we, CARL SCHLIMP, manufacturer, residing at Vienna., 'Austria-Hungary, and RUDOLF HONZ/IK, engineer, residing at-Bucharest, Roumania, subjects of the Emperor of Austria-Hungary, have invented certain new and usefulmprovements in Kilns, of which the following isa specification. Y

Our invention relates to kilns of the class described in our UnitedStates Patent No. 235,907. l

The Vmain feature of the gasheatedvkiln described in the said patent is the following: The gas supplied from above is mixed with the airuheatedin the chambersin which burning has previously taken place, such heated air being supplied frompbelow. The two elements are mixed before entering into the zo kiln-chamber. The mixture is ignited and the iiame passes `in contact with the goods to be burned fromtop to b ottom. For further utilizing the hot gases they are caused to enter through passages below the bottom of the 2 5 said chamber into the next ohambe'r'for heating the goods in the same to ared heat prepara-tory to the burning operationproper. The products of combustion escaping from this second chamber are allowed to either go 3o directly tothe chimney, ory to do so afterhaving passed througha third chamber, for the purpose of initially heating the goods charged'into the same. Y

The object of the present invention is to 3 5 improve the working o f such kilns.

Reference is had tothe accompanying drawings, in which similar parts are indicated by the same letters throughout the several views. Figure l is a horizontal sectional view 4o through our improved kiln, taken on the line 1 l of Fig. 3, one half of the section being above the kiln-chambers and the other half being through the lower part of the said chambers and the chimney. Fig. 2 is a similar view taken below the chambers on the line 2 '2 of Fig. 4, one half being through the air-duct and the other half below it, the position of the air-duct, however, being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudi- 5o nal section taken on the line 3 3 of Fig. 2.

serial No.y 601,663. (No man.)

Fig. 4 is a vertical transverse sectional View taken on the line 4 i of Fig. 2.

Our present invention consists in arranging an underground passage A entirely around the kiln, the said underground passage or conduit being built inthe masonry of the furnace so as to communicate with the chimney B through an opening closed by a valve b, and also to connect with the various chambers and passages inthe kiln, as will be hereinafter more fully described. In the present instance the kiln is provided with six chambers C to C6 consecutively, which, after the introduction of the articles to be burned, are closed with masonry, the process of burning occupying several days.

. The chambers C to C6 are arranged with three on either side of the flue B', which latter extends through Ithe kiln and opens in the chimney'B. p

At one end of the furnace is situated the gas-generator D', of any suitable construction, and the said generator is opened to the main gas-passages D, which extend along the upper part of the kiln near the middle portion thereof.Y Extending laterally from the main gas-passages D are' passages d, from which latter passages vother npassages d lead to the kiln-chambers. These passages d enter mixing-chambers C in the sides of the kiln-chambers, where the gas may be mixed with air and pass thence through a grating c to the upper part of the chambers.

The passages d are provided with valves d2 at the point where they enter the lateral passages d, and the passages d are also pro- Vvided with valves cl3, by means of which the said passages may be shut off from communication with the main gas-passages D.

The outer end of the passages d are connected by vertical passages E, provided with valves e, with the underground conduit A.

Beneath the chambers C' to CG are passages F to F6, opening into the chimney-flue B', and having valves f to f f1' at the points of juncture with the said chimney-flue. These passages F to Fs are provided with branch passages f, which open through suitable passages into the openings cO in the bottoms of the chambers. The said passages F/ to FG have other -H to HG, as will be readily understood.

branch passages F, which may be opened by means of the valves fo into the passages II of the adjoining kiln-chamber leading to the passages H to H6, which are formed in the base of the kiln beneath the passages F' to F6.

The passages H' to HG open into the conduit A, and are provided at their points of junction with the said conduit with valves 7L' to h6, by means of which they ma-y be opened or closed to the said conduit at will. In the couduit A, justin front of each of the valves 7L to h, are placed valves a' to a, by means of which the said conduit may be closed to throw the flow of air or gas into either of the passages The passages H/ to HG are each provided with branch passages H, which communicate with the branch passages F from the passages F to F6, as has been hereiubefore stated, and also with branch passages 7i, which open into the vertical passages ho, which latter open into the mixing-chambers C in the sides of the chambers C" to CG.

The branch passages F from the passage F extend over the branch passages H from the lower passage H2 and communicate with the said passages H through the valvesfo. IVhen the said valvesfo are open, the passage F will discharge through the passage F, the valvesfo, and passages H into the passage H2 beneath the chamber C2. In like manner the passage F2 delivers into the passage IIS, and so on throughout the series. The arrangement of passages lH and hin the chamber C may be somewhat dilerent from that in the other chambers, as will be seenin the upper left-hand corner in Fig. 2, but such change in arrangement is not essential.

The objects and operation of this arrangement are as follows: When, as it is often desirable, in burning various articles of pottery and the like the burning has to be effected with an excess of gas-that is to say,wi th a reducing llame-the gas is not completely consumed, and in the ordinary kiln the excess of gas would pass unconsumed to the chimney. For completely consumingit it must be mixed with air which is preferably heated, and this is el'iected in accordance with the present invention by admitting into that kiln-chamber into which enter the hot gases directly from the chamber which is at full fire a supply of pure hot air through the medium of the conduit A. Thus, for instance, suppose that the kiln-chamber C2 is at full lire and that the hot gases from the latter are caused to pass through the chamber C3 by opening the valves fo between these two chambers, for heating the goods in the same preparatory'to the burningproper, while in the chamber C' the burning has been nishedV just before it was begun in chamber C2 and the goods in chamber C are beginning to cool down by contact with air which finds its way in through the masonry, or may be admitted by making an opening in the same, the said air owing through this chamber to chamber C2, the valves fo between these two lchambers being open, then by opening the valve 7L in the passage leading from the conduit A to chamber C and the valve a in the said conduit a portion of the air heated in the chamber is caused to enter the conduit, and by opening the valve h3 in a passage leading from the conduit A to chamber C3 and closing the valve a3 in the conduit such hot air is caused to enter the chamber C3 and shunting-chamber C2, the valves in the other passages branching off from the conduit A being closed. Thus the unconsumed excess of gas escaping, together with the products of combustion from the chamber C2, is mixed with heated air in the chamber C3, and is thereby fully consu med, the final products of combustionpassing through the openings coi-n the bottoms of the kiln'chambers and through the various passages below the chambers to the flue B', the valve f3 being open.

Vhen the heating has to-be done verycarefully, so as not to impair the pure color of the goods, it is desirable to eiect the first heating by pure hot air. To do this, we again open the valve 7L', as ybefore described, and also the valve 7L in the passage leading from the conduit A to the chamber C4, which is supposed to be the rst heating-chamber. The valve c* in the conduit beingclosed, the hot air from the chamber C will pass'through the chamber C4 for the first yheatingof vthe goods brought into it, shunting the other chambers through which it would vhave to flow if the passagesbelow the chambers were the only means of communication between them. This air then-escapes, together withthe products of combustion of the kiln-furnace, into the chimney, through the openings e0 in the bottoms of the kiln-chambers and the Various passages below the said chambers. Besides thc passages leading from the conduit A to the several kiln-chambers thereare alsoprovided passages E, controlled by valves @and leading, as already stated, from the conduit A to the gas-passages d in the kiln-furnace and also a passage controlled by a valve l), leading from such conduit tothe chimney.

In starting the kiln the valves e and bare opened, so that the air contained inthe gaspassages CZ is forced through the severalchannels into the conduit A and thence escapes into the chimney until the gas-passages are filled with gas or a combustible but non-explosive mixture of gas and air, whereupon the valves e are closed and the kiln maybe started without danger of explosion. The valve l) is of course closed in ordinaryworklng.

The several valves may be constructed in any desired or preferred manner and are therefore shown yonly diagram'matically.

Having thus described ourinvention, what we claim, and desire to secure by-Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a kiln, the combination with a series ICO IIO

of chambers, a chimney, an air-duct extending around the said chambers, a passage from the said air-duct to the chimney, branch passages connecting the said air-duct with each of the chambers, passages connecting the said chambers with the chimney, and valves to open and close the said passages and to open the said air-duct into the chimney; of gaspassages extending between the said chambers, branch passages connecting the said gaspassages with the said chambers and with the air-duct, and valves in the said passages for controlling the supply of gas, substantially as described.

2. In a kiln, the combination with a lseries of chambers, a chimney, an air-duct extending around the said chambers, passages from the said chambers to the said air-duct, valves in the said passages, Valves in the said airduct in front of each of the openings of the said passages, passages connecting the said chambers with the chimney, and valves in the said passages, branch passages connecting the chambers with each other in series, and valves in the said passages, of gas-passages extending between the said chambers, branch passages connecting the said gas-passages with the said chambers and with the air-duct, and valves in the said passages for controlling the supply of gas, substantially as described.

In testimonyT whereof we have-aflixed our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

CARL SCHLIMP. R. HONZIK. 

